Polygonaceae
Buckwheat Family
118 common names
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Index to common names:
bindweed, bistort, buckwheat, dock, eriogonum, fleeceflower, fleecevine, heartweed, knotweed, lady's-thumb, mountain-sorrel, pepper, puncture-bract, redshank, rhubarb, serpent-grass, smartweed, sorrel, spineflower, sulfurflower, vine, water-pepper, willow weedBlack bindweed (Fallopia convolvulus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, ditches, wastelots, cultivated fields, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, ditches, wastelots, cultivated fields, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Climbing bindweed (Fallopia convolvulus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, ditches, wastelots, cultivated fields, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, ditches, wastelots, cultivated fields, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Ivy bindweed (Fallopia convolvulus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, ditches, wastelots, cultivated fields, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, ditches, wastelots, cultivated fields, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Alpine bistort (Bistorta vivipara)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in northern Washington; Alaska to Oregon and Nevada, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Damp areas, shady woods, meadows and streambanks at mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in northern Washington; Alaska to Oregon and Nevada, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Damp areas, shady woods, meadows and streambanks at mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
American bistort (Bistorta bistortoides)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Streambanks and moist or swampy meadows, middle elevations in the mountains to alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Streambanks and moist or swampy meadows, middle elevations in the mountains to alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Western bistort (Bistorta bistortoides)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Streambanks and moist or swampy meadows, middle elevations in the mountains to alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Streambanks and moist or swampy meadows, middle elevations in the mountains to alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Alpine buckwheat (Eriogonum pyrolifolium)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Open, often rocky areas, from middle elevations to the alpine in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Open, often rocky areas, from middle elevations to the alpine in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Arrow-leaf buckwheat (Eriogonum compositum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, open areas, rocky slopes and cliffs from low elevations nearly to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, open areas, rocky slopes and cliffs from low elevations nearly to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Bailey's buckwheat (Eriogonum baileyi)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the central region of Washington; northern Washington to California, east to Idaho and Utah.
Habitat: Sand or gravel flats and slopes, grassland and shrub-steppe, open forest, and washes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June (September-October)
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the central region of Washington; northern Washington to California, east to Idaho and Utah.
Habitat: Sand or gravel flats and slopes, grassland and shrub-steppe, open forest, and washes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June (September-October)
Growth Duration: Annual
Bare-stem buckwheat (Eriogonum nudum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in southern Washington; southern Washington to California and Nevada.
Habitat: Sandy or rocky places from the lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in southern Washington; southern Washington to California and Nevada.
Habitat: Sandy or rocky places from the lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Basalt desert buckwheat (Eriogonum codium)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to Benton County.
Habitat: Volcanic soils in sagebrush along the Columbia River.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to Benton County.
Habitat: Volcanic soils in sagebrush along the Columbia River.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Bractless parsnip-flowered wild buckwheat (Eriogonum heracleoides)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Wyoming and Colorado.
Habitat: Deeper soil of shrub-steppe to ponderosa pine forests and rocky ridges at middle elevation in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Wyoming and Colorado.
Habitat: Deeper soil of shrub-steppe to ponderosa pine forests and rocky ridges at middle elevation in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Broom buckwheat (Eriogonum vimineum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts and dry ponderosa pine forest openings; tolerant of dry, disturbed conditions.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts and dry ponderosa pine forest openings; tolerant of dry, disturbed conditions.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Cushion buckwheat (Eriogonum ovalifolium)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts, juniper and ponderosa pine forests, to alpine ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts, juniper and ponderosa pine forests, to alpine ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Douglas's buckwheat (Eriogonum douglasii)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, chiefly in the central region; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Sagebrush or juniper flats to ponderosa pine forests, often on lithosol.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, chiefly in the central region; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Sagebrush or juniper flats to ponderosa pine forests, often on lithosol.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Garden buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, waste areas; frequently escapes cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, waste areas; frequently escapes cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Marum-leaf wild buckwheat (Eriogonum marifolium)
Distribution: Reported from east of the Cascades crest in Washington, but no specimens seen; central Washington to California, east to northwestern Nevada.
Habitat: Gravelly flats in lodgepole and ponderosa pine forests to alpine ridges and talus slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Reported from east of the Cascades crest in Washington, but no specimens seen; central Washington to California, east to northwestern Nevada.
Habitat: Gravelly flats in lodgepole and ponderosa pine forests to alpine ridges and talus slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Mountain buckwheat (Eriogonum marifolium)
Distribution: Reported from east of the Cascades crest in Washington, but no specimens seen; central Washington to California, east to northwestern Nevada.
Habitat: Gravelly flats in lodgepole and ponderosa pine forests to alpine ridges and talus slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Reported from east of the Cascades crest in Washington, but no specimens seen; central Washington to California, east to northwestern Nevada.
Habitat: Gravelly flats in lodgepole and ponderosa pine forests to alpine ridges and talus slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Naked buckwheat (Eriogonum nudum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in southern Washington; southern Washington to California and Nevada.
Habitat: Sandy or rocky places from the lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in southern Washington; southern Washington to California and Nevada.
Habitat: Sandy or rocky places from the lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Nodding buckwheat (Eriogonum cernuum)
Distribution: Occurring only in Franklin County, where disjunct from primary range of species; Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Sand, gravel or clay slopes and flats, shrub-steppe, and grasslands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring only in Franklin County, where disjunct from primary range of species; Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Sand, gravel or clay slopes and flats, shrub-steppe, and grasslands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Northern buckwheat (Eriogonum compositum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, open areas, rocky slopes and cliffs from low elevations nearly to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, open areas, rocky slopes and cliffs from low elevations nearly to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Oarleaf buckwheat (Eriogonum pyrolifolium)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Open, often rocky areas, from middle elevations to the alpine in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Open, often rocky areas, from middle elevations to the alpine in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Parsnip-flowered buckwheat (Eriogonum heracleoides)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Wyoming and Colorado.
Habitat: Deeper soil of shrub-steppe to ponderosa pine forests and rocky ridges at middle elevation in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Wyoming and Colorado.
Habitat: Deeper soil of shrub-steppe to ponderosa pine forests and rocky ridges at middle elevation in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rock buckwheat (Eriogonum sphaerocephalum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Sagebrush or juniper flats to ponderosa pine forests at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Sagebrush or juniper flats to ponderosa pine forests at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rush buckwheat (Eriogonum elatum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to southern Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Sand and gravel slopes and flats, grasslands, sagebrush desert, ponderosa pine forest openings, and montane ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to southern Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Sand and gravel slopes and flats, grasslands, sagebrush desert, ponderosa pine forest openings, and montane ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Shasta wild buckwheat (Eriogonum pyrolifolium)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Open, often rocky areas, from middle elevations to the alpine in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Open, often rocky areas, from middle elevations to the alpine in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Slender buckwheat (Eriogonum microtheca)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; central Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sandy deserts to lower mountain slopes, chiefly with sagebrush.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; central Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sandy deserts to lower mountain slopes, chiefly with sagebrush.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Snow buckwheat (Eriogonum niveum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert, dry ponderosa pine forest openings, in deep or sandy soil.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert, dry ponderosa pine forest openings, in deep or sandy soil.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Spotted buckwheat (Eriogonum maculatum)
Distribution: Collected once (1884) in Yakima County in Washington and now considered extirpated; southeastern Oregon to southwestern Idaho, south to Baja California, Mexioca and east to New Mexico.
Habitat: Sand, gravel or clay slopes and flats, grassland, and shrub-steppe.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Collected once (1884) in Yakima County in Washington and now considered extirpated; southeastern Oregon to southwestern Idaho, south to Baja California, Mexioca and east to New Mexico.
Habitat: Sand, gravel or clay slopes and flats, grassland, and shrub-steppe.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Strict buckwheat (Eriogonum strictum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Montana, Idaho, and Nevada.
Habitat: Sandy or rocky soils, sagebrush desert to ponderosa pine forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Montana, Idaho, and Nevada.
Habitat: Sandy or rocky soils, sagebrush desert to ponderosa pine forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Sulfur buckwheat (Eriogonum umbellatum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts to alpine rocky ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts to alpine rocky ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Tall buckwheat (Eriogonum elatum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to southern Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Sand and gravel slopes and flats, grasslands, sagebrush desert, ponderosa pine forest openings, and montane ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to southern Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Sand and gravel slopes and flats, grasslands, sagebrush desert, ponderosa pine forest openings, and montane ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Thyme buckwheat (Eriogonum thymoides)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; central Washington to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts, dry ponderosa pine forest openings, and open ridges in lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; central Washington to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts, dry ponderosa pine forest openings, and open ridges in lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Thyme-leaf wild buckwheat (Eriogonum thymoides)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; central Washington to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts, dry ponderosa pine forest openings, and open ridges in lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; central Washington to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts, dry ponderosa pine forest openings, and open ridges in lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Umtanum buckwheat (Eriogonum codium)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to Benton County.
Habitat: Volcanic soils in sagebrush along the Columbia River.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to Benton County.
Habitat: Volcanic soils in sagebrush along the Columbia River.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Yellow buckwheat (Eriogonum flavum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; Alaska to northeastern Oregon, east to the northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Open knolls in grasslands to alpine ridges and scree.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; Alaska to northeastern Oregon, east to the northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Open knolls in grasslands to alpine ridges and scree.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Bitter dock (Rumex obtusifolius)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist roadsides and wasteland.
Origin: Introduced from Euraisa
Flowers: March-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist roadsides and wasteland.
Origin: Introduced from Euraisa
Flowers: March-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Clustered dock (Rumex conglomeratus)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Nevada and Arizona; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: A weed of waste ground.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Nevada and Arizona; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: A weed of waste ground.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Curly dock (Rumex crispus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Meadows, fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Meadows, fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Fleshy willow dock (Rumex crassus)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the outer coast in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Coastal dunes, sandy shores, and marshes
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the outer coast in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Coastal dunes, sandy shores, and marshes
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Golden dock (Rumex maritimus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to eastern North America except for southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Shores, wetlands, and disturbed ground.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to eastern North America except for southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Shores, wetlands, and disturbed ground.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Narrow-leaved dock (Rumex stenophyllus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Montana, and Wyoming, scattered eastward to the eastern U.S.
Habitat: Dune swales, marshes, shores, fens, and ditches.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Montana, and Wyoming, scattered eastward to the eastern U.S.
Habitat: Dune swales, marshes, shores, fens, and ditches.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Narrowleaf dock (Rumex stenophyllus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Montana, and Wyoming, scattered eastward to the eastern U.S.
Habitat: Dune swales, marshes, shores, fens, and ditches.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Montana, and Wyoming, scattered eastward to the eastern U.S.
Habitat: Dune swales, marshes, shores, fens, and ditches.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Patience dock (Rumex patientia)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides and other disturbed, open ground
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides and other disturbed, open ground
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Red-vein dock (Rumex sanguineus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to Oregon, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: sSream banks, disturbed ground, shores, and marshes.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to Oregon, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: sSream banks, disturbed ground, shores, and marshes.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Seashore dock (Rumex persicarioides)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast in Washington; British Columbia to California, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Beaches, shores, and slightly saline marshes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast in Washington; British Columbia to California, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Beaches, shores, and slightly saline marshes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Sharp dock (Rumex conglomeratus)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Nevada and Arizona; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: A weed of waste ground.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Nevada and Arizona; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: A weed of waste ground.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Sour dock (Rumex crispus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Meadows, fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Meadows, fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Toothed dock (Rumex dentatus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east across North America in scattered locations to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Ditches, shores, and ballast.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east across North America in scattered locations to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Ditches, shores, and ballast.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Veiny dock (Rumex venosus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alberta to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains.
Habitat: Sand dunes and sandy river banks to dry, gravelly soil, sagebrush deserts and grasslands at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alberta to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains.
Habitat: Sand dunes and sandy river banks to dry, gravelly soil, sagebrush deserts and grasslands at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Western dock (Rumex occidentalis)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and eastern Canada.
Habitat: Moist to swampy areas and wet meadows, from the sea coast to foothill valleys.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and eastern Canada.
Habitat: Moist to swampy areas and wet meadows, from the sea coast to foothill valleys.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Willow dock (Rumex salicifolius)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast
Habitat: Streambanks, moist meadows, beaches, alkaline shores, roadsides, and other open places from low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast
Habitat: Streambanks, moist meadows, beaches, alkaline shores, roadsides, and other open places from low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Winged dock (Rumex venosus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alberta to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains.
Habitat: Sand dunes and sandy river banks to dry, gravelly soil, sagebrush deserts and grasslands at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alberta to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains.
Habitat: Sand dunes and sandy river banks to dry, gravelly soil, sagebrush deserts and grasslands at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Yellow dock (Rumex persicarioides)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast in Washington; British Columbia to California, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Beaches, shores, and slightly saline marshes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast in Washington; British Columbia to California, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Beaches, shores, and slightly saline marshes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Oval-leaved eriogonum (Eriogonum ovalifolium)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts, juniper and ponderosa pine forests, to alpine ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts, juniper and ponderosa pine forests, to alpine ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Parsnip-flowered eriogonum (Eriogonum heracleoides)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Wyoming and Colorado.
Habitat: Deeper soil of shrub-steppe to ponderosa pine forests and rocky ridges at middle elevation in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Wyoming and Colorado.
Habitat: Deeper soil of shrub-steppe to ponderosa pine forests and rocky ridges at middle elevation in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Round-headed eriogonum (Eriogonum sphaerocephalum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Sagebrush or juniper flats to ponderosa pine forests at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Sagebrush or juniper flats to ponderosa pine forests at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Alpine fleeceflower (Koenigia phytolaccifolia)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho, Montana, and Nevada.
Habitat: Subalpine to alpine ridges, meadows and talus slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho, Montana, and Nevada.
Habitat: Subalpine to alpine ridges, meadows and talus slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Bukhara fleeceflower (Fallopia baldschuanica)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho, also in scattered locations across North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, ditches, embankments, forest edge, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from central Asia
Flowers: Aug.-Sept.
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho, also in scattered locations across North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, ditches, embankments, forest edge, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from central Asia
Flowers: Aug.-Sept.
Growth Duration: Perennial
Newberry's fleeceflower (Koenigia davisiae)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Slopes and ridges in the subalpine and alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Slopes and ridges in the subalpine and alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Chinese fleecevine (Fallopia baldschuanica)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho, also in scattered locations across North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, ditches, embankments, forest edge, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from central Asia
Flowers: Aug.-Sept.
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho, also in scattered locations across North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, ditches, embankments, forest edge, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from central Asia
Flowers: Aug.-Sept.
Growth Duration: Perennial
Heartweed (Persicaria maculosa)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: A weedy species, usually on moist, cultivated or otherwise disturbed soil.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: A weedy species, usually on moist, cultivated or otherwise disturbed soil.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Austin's knotweed (Polygonum austiniae)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta and Wyoming.
Habitat: Dry to moist banks and flats, from sagebrush plains to lower mountains, often with ponderosa pine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta and Wyoming.
Habitat: Dry to moist banks and flats, from sagebrush plains to lower mountains, often with ponderosa pine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Beach knotweed (Polygonum paronychia)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast; Vancouver Island, B.C., south to Monterey, California.
Habitat: Coastal shorelines and sand dunes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast; Vancouver Island, B.C., south to Monterey, California.
Habitat: Coastal shorelines and sand dunes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Black knotweed (Polygonum paronychia)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast; Vancouver Island, B.C., south to Monterey, California.
Habitat: Coastal shorelines and sand dunes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast; Vancouver Island, B.C., south to Monterey, California.
Habitat: Coastal shorelines and sand dunes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Blake's knotweed (Polygonum achoreum)
Distribution: Reported for Washington, but specimen from Pierce County is likely a misidentification; Alaska to Oregon and Nevada, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Reported for Washington, but specimen from Pierce County is likely a misidentification; Alaska to Oregon and Nevada, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Branched knotweed (Polygonum ramosissimum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, often where wet, from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, often where wet, from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
California knotweed (Polygonum californicum)
Distribution: Occurring in the east end of the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; south-central Washington to California.
Habitat: Dry rocky slopes, gravelly ground at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring in the east end of the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; south-central Washington to California.
Habitat: Dry rocky slopes, gravelly ground at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Common knotweed (Polygonum aviculare)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Dry or slightly moist, disturbed soil, often where hard-packed.
Origin: Both native and introduced
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Dry or slightly moist, disturbed soil, often where hard-packed.
Origin: Both native and introduced
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Dotted knotweed (Persicaria punctata)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Lake and pond shores, marshes, and wet forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Lake and pond shores, marshes, and wet forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Douglas' knotweed (Polygonum douglasii)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Common in dry to moist areas, lowlands to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Common in dry to moist areas, lowlands to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Douglas's knotweed (Polygonum douglasii)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Common in dry to moist areas, lowlands to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Common in dry to moist areas, lowlands to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Erect knotweed (Polygonum erectum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Oregon and Nevada, east from the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains to the Altantic Coast.
Habitat: Dry, disturbed ground.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Oregon and Nevada, east from the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains to the Altantic Coast.
Habitat: Dry, disturbed ground.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Fall knotweed (Polygonum spergulariiforme)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Balds, prairies, and headlands in gravelly, sandy or heavy, dry or moist soil at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Balds, prairies, and headlands in gravelly, sandy or heavy, dry or moist soil at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Fowler's knotweed (Polygonum fowleri)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across Canada to northeastern North America.
Habitat: Coastal salt marshes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-November
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across Canada to northeastern North America.
Habitat: Coastal salt marshes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-November
Growth Duration: Annual
Garden knotweed (Persicaria wallichii)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Waste areas, roadsides, and other disturbed areas where often where somewhat moist.
Origin: Introduced from eastern Asia
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Waste areas, roadsides, and other disturbed areas where often where somewhat moist.
Origin: Introduced from eastern Asia
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Giant knotweed (Fallopia sachalinensis)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Idaho and Montana, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Riparian zones, roadsides, meadows, ditches, and other disturbed areas generally at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from eastern Asia
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Idaho and Montana, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Riparian zones, roadsides, meadows, ditches, and other disturbed areas generally at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from eastern Asia
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hybrid knotweed (Fallopia ×bohemica)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Montana, and in scattered locations across North America.
Habitat: Riparian zones, roadsides, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas generally at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from eastern Asia
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Montana, and in scattered locations across North America.
Habitat: Riparian zones, roadsides, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas generally at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from eastern Asia
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Itadori knotweed (Fallopia japonica)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Riparian zones, roadsides, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from eastern Asia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Riparian zones, roadsides, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from eastern Asia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Leafy dwarf knotweed (Polygonum minimum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open or semi-barren soil in the alpine and subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open or semi-barren soil in the alpine and subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Nuttall's knotweed (Polygonum nuttallii)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Prairies, grassy balds, and forest openings at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Prairies, grassy balds, and forest openings at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Palouse knotweed (Polygonum majus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Dry, often semi-barren, gravelly to heavy soil, sagebrush desert to lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Dry, often semi-barren, gravelly to heavy soil, sagebrush desert to lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Parry's knotweed (Polygonum parryi)
Distribution: Occurring in the east end of the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; south-central Washington to California.
Habitat: Vernal pools, seasonally damp ground at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring in the east end of the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; south-central Washington to California.
Habitat: Vernal pools, seasonally damp ground at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Prickly knotweed (Polygonum parryi)
Distribution: Occurring in the east end of the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; south-central Washington to California.
Habitat: Vernal pools, seasonally damp ground at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring in the east end of the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; south-central Washington to California.
Habitat: Vernal pools, seasonally damp ground at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Sawatch knotweed (Polygonum sawatchense)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Great Plains.
Habitat: Dry to moist forest openings and meadows from moderate elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Great Plains.
Habitat: Dry to moist forest openings and meadows from moderate elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Spurry knotweed (Polygonum spergulariiforme)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Balds, prairies, and headlands in gravelly, sandy or heavy, dry or moist soil at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Balds, prairies, and headlands in gravelly, sandy or heavy, dry or moist soil at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
White-margined knotweed (Polygonum polygaloides)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Meadows, vernal pools and rocky ridges, lowlands to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Meadows, vernal pools and rocky ridges, lowlands to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Wiry knotweed (Polygonum majus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Dry, often semi-barren, gravelly to heavy soil, sagebrush desert to lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Dry, often semi-barren, gravelly to heavy soil, sagebrush desert to lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Zigzag knotweed (Polygonum minimum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open or semi-barren soil in the alpine and subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open or semi-barren soil in the alpine and subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Lady's-thumb (Persicaria maculosa)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: A weedy species, usually on moist, cultivated or otherwise disturbed soil.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: A weedy species, usually on moist, cultivated or otherwise disturbed soil.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Spotted lady's-thumb (Persicaria maculosa)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: A weedy species, usually on moist, cultivated or otherwise disturbed soil.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: A weedy species, usually on moist, cultivated or otherwise disturbed soil.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Mountain-sorrel (Oxyria digyna)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains; also east across Canada to Labrador.
Habitat: Moist, usually rocky ground, subalpine to alpine areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains; also east across Canada to Labrador.
Habitat: Moist, usually rocky ground, subalpine to alpine areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Water pepper (Persicaria hydropiperoides)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Mexico and South America, east across North America to the Atlantic coast.
Habitat: Moist to swampy areas, often growing in mud, from the lowlands to the lower mountain valleys.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Mexico and South America, east across North America to the Atlantic coast.
Habitat: Moist to swampy areas, often growing in mud, from the lowlands to the lower mountain valleys.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Treelike puncture-bract (Oxytheca dendroidea)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; central Washington to California, east to southern Idaho, Wyoming, and Nevada; also in South America.
Habitat: Sandy areas in sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; central Washington to California, east to southern Idaho, Wyoming, and Nevada; also in South America.
Habitat: Sandy areas in sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Redshank (Persicaria maculosa)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: A weedy species, usually on moist, cultivated or otherwise disturbed soil.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: A weedy species, usually on moist, cultivated or otherwise disturbed soil.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rhubarb (Rheum rhabarbarum)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest; Alaska an Yukon Territory, Rocky Mountain states, and eastern North America.
Habitat: Open, disturbed areas, often associated with former homesteads.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-June
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest; Alaska an Yukon Territory, Rocky Mountain states, and eastern North America.
Habitat: Open, disturbed areas, often associated with former homesteads.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-June
Serpent-grass (Bistorta vivipara)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in northern Washington; Alaska to Oregon and Nevada, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Damp areas, shady woods, meadows and streambanks at mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in northern Washington; Alaska to Oregon and Nevada, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Damp areas, shady woods, meadows and streambanks at mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Dock-leaf smartweed (Persicaria lapathifolia)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Streambanks, pond and lakeshores and other wet places.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Streambanks, pond and lakeshores and other wet places.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Dotted smartweed (Persicaria punctata)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Lake and pond shores, marshes, and wet forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Lake and pond shores, marshes, and wet forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Pale smartweed (Persicaria lapathifolia)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Streambanks, pond and lakeshores and other wet places.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Streambanks, pond and lakeshores and other wet places.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Smartweed (Persicaria hydropiper)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Shores, swales, ditches, and disturbed ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Shores, swales, ditches, and disturbed ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Swamp smartweed (Persicaria hydropiperoides)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Mexico and South America, east across North America to the Atlantic coast.
Habitat: Moist to swampy areas, often growing in mud, from the lowlands to the lower mountain valleys.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Mexico and South America, east across North America to the Atlantic coast.
Habitat: Moist to swampy areas, often growing in mud, from the lowlands to the lower mountain valleys.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Water smartweed (Persicaria amphibia)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: River, stream, lake, and pond margins in water to 2 meters deep to adjacent moist uplands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: River, stream, lake, and pond margins in water to 2 meters deep to adjacent moist uplands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Water smartweed (Persicaria punctata)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Lake and pond shores, marshes, and wet forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Lake and pond shores, marshes, and wet forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Alpine sheep sorrel (Rumex paucifolius)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist grasslands, stream banks, and montane to alpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June -August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist grasslands, stream banks, and montane to alpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June -August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Alpine sorrel (Rumex acetosa)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east across Canada to the Great Lakes region and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed sites at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east across Canada to the Great Lakes region and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed sites at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Alpine sorrel (Rumex paucifolius)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist grasslands, stream banks, and montane to alpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June -August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist grasslands, stream banks, and montane to alpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June -August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Common sheep sorrel (Rumex acetosella)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Balds, prairies, meadows, pastures, fields, roadsides, wastelots, lawns and other disturbed open areas from the lowlands to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Balds, prairies, meadows, pastures, fields, roadsides, wastelots, lawns and other disturbed open areas from the lowlands to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Common sorrel (Rumex acetosa)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east across Canada to the Great Lakes region and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed sites at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east across Canada to the Great Lakes region and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed sites at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Garden sorrel (Rumex acetosa)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east across Canada to the Great Lakes region and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed sites at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east across Canada to the Great Lakes region and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed sites at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Lapland sorrel (Rumex acetosa)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east across Canada to the Great Lakes region and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed sites at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east across Canada to the Great Lakes region and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed sites at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Mountain sorrel (Rumex paucifolius)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist grasslands, stream banks, and montane to alpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June -August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist grasslands, stream banks, and montane to alpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June -August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Five-tooth spineflower (Chorizanthe watsonii)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; Washington to California, east to Montana, Utah, or Arizona.
Habitat: Sandy to gravelly flats and slopes, mixed grassland, saltbush and sagebrush communities, often where disturbed.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; Washington to California, east to Montana, Utah, or Arizona.
Habitat: Sandy to gravelly flats and slopes, mixed grassland, saltbush and sagebrush communities, often where disturbed.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Watson's spineflower (Chorizanthe watsonii)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; Washington to California, east to Montana, Utah, or Arizona.
Habitat: Sandy to gravelly flats and slopes, mixed grassland, saltbush and sagebrush communities, often where disturbed.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; Washington to California, east to Montana, Utah, or Arizona.
Habitat: Sandy to gravelly flats and slopes, mixed grassland, saltbush and sagebrush communities, often where disturbed.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Sulfurflower (Eriogonum umbellatum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts to alpine rocky ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts to alpine rocky ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Mile-a-minute vine (Fallopia baldschuanica)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho, also in scattered locations across North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, ditches, embankments, forest edge, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from central Asia
Flowers: Aug.-Sept.
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho, also in scattered locations across North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, ditches, embankments, forest edge, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from central Asia
Flowers: Aug.-Sept.
Growth Duration: Perennial
Mild water-pepper (Persicaria hydropiper)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Shores, swales, ditches, and disturbed ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Shores, swales, ditches, and disturbed ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Willow weed (Persicaria lapathifolia)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Streambanks, pond and lakeshores and other wet places.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Streambanks, pond and lakeshores and other wet places.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
