Vascular Plants
Includes all flowering plants, conifers, ferns and fern-allies.
Common names beginning with T:
188 common names
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Index to common names:
tail, tamarisk, tansy, tansymustard, tapegrass, tare, tarplant, tarragon, tarweed, tasselflower, tauschia, tea, teaberry, teasel, teatree, thalecress, thelypody, thermopsis, thimbleberry, thistle, Thompsongrass, thorn, thorn apple, thoroughwort, threadleaf-pondweed, three-square, threeawn, thrift, tickhead, tickseed, tickweed, tidytips, timothy, tiquilia, toadflax, tobacco, tobacco-brush, tobacco-root, tocalote, tofieldia, tomatillo, tomato, tonella, tongue, toothcup, toothwort, touch-me-not, townsendia, trailplant, traveler's-joy, tree-of-heaven, trefoil, trillium, trisetum, tritelia, trout-lily, trumpet, tuckahoe, tule, tumblemustard, tumbleweed, turkey peas, turkeybeard, turnip, tussilago, tutsan, twayblade, twin-berry, twinflower, twinpod, twisted-stalkLion's tail (Leonurus cardiaca)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho and Montana; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed ground, often in association with cities and towns where escaping cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho and Montana; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed ground, often in association with cities and towns where escaping cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
hybrid tamarisk (Tamarix chinensis × Tamarix ramosissima)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where known only from Walla Walla County; expected to occur wherever the two parent species co-occur.
Habitat: Riparian zones in arid areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where known only from Walla Walla County; expected to occur wherever the two parent species co-occur.
Habitat: Riparian zones in arid areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
small-flower tamarisk (Tamarix parviflora)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; south-central British Columbia to California, east to the southern Rocky Mountains and southern Great Plains.
Habitat: Mostly in riparian areas in arid regions.
Origin: Introduced from southern Europe and northern Africa
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; south-central British Columbia to California, east to the southern Rocky Mountains and southern Great Plains.
Habitat: Mostly in riparian areas in arid regions.
Origin: Introduced from southern Europe and northern Africa
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
tamarisk (Tamarix ramosissima)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; south-central British Columbia to California, east to the Great Plains and southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Riparian zones and other moist to wet areas in arid regions.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; south-central British Columbia to California, east to the Great Plains and southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Riparian zones and other moist to wet areas in arid regions.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
camphor tansy (Tanacetum bipinnatum)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast of Washington; Alaska to California, east across Canada to the Great Lakes region and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Sand dunes along the coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast of Washington; Alaska to California, east across Canada to the Great Lakes region and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Sand dunes along the coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
common tansy (Tanacetum vulgare)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, shorelines, wastelots, and other disturbed, open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, shorelines, wastelots, and other disturbed, open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
dune tansy (Tanacetum bipinnatum)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast of Washington; Alaska to California, east across Canada to the Great Lakes region and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Sand dunes along the coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast of Washington; Alaska to California, east across Canada to the Great Lakes region and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Sand dunes along the coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
cut-leaved tansymustard (Descurainia incisa)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moderately dry forest openings and sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moderately dry forest openings and sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
mountain tansymustard (Descurainia incana)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Casades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Sagebrush and confier forest openings from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Casades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Sagebrush and confier forest openings from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
mountain tansymustard (Descurainia longepedicellata)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon and Nevada, east to the Rocky Mountains from Montana to Arizona, but not New Mexico.
Habitat: Moderately dry forest openings and sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon and Nevada, east to the Rocky Mountains from Montana to Arizona, but not New Mexico.
Habitat: Moderately dry forest openings and sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
narrow tansymustard (Descurainia longepedicellata)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon and Nevada, east to the Rocky Mountains from Montana to Arizona, but not New Mexico.
Habitat: Moderately dry forest openings and sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon and Nevada, east to the Rocky Mountains from Montana to Arizona, but not New Mexico.
Habitat: Moderately dry forest openings and sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Nelson's tansymustard (Descurainia nelsonii)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Wyoming, Idaho, and Nevada.
Habitat: Sagrebrush desert to open montane forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Wyoming, Idaho, and Nevada.
Habitat: Sagrebrush desert to open montane forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
sagebrush tansymustard (Descurainia nelsonii)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Wyoming, Idaho, and Nevada.
Habitat: Sagrebrush desert to open montane forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Wyoming, Idaho, and Nevada.
Habitat: Sagrebrush desert to open montane forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
sticky tansymustard (Descurainia longepedicellata)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon and Nevada, east to the Rocky Mountains from Montana to Arizona, but not New Mexico.
Habitat: Moderately dry forest openings and sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon and Nevada, east to the Rocky Mountains from Montana to Arizona, but not New Mexico.
Habitat: Moderately dry forest openings and sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
western tansymustard (Descurainia pinnata)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Weedy native of fairly dry, open ground.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Weedy native of fairly dry, open ground.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual
tapegrass (Vallisneria americana)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Introduced from British Columbia to Oregon, and in Montana; native in central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Ponds, lakes and quiet streams
Origin: Introduced from eastern North America
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Introduced from British Columbia to Oregon, and in Montana; native in central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Ponds, lakes and quiet streams
Origin: Introduced from eastern North America
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
smooth tare (Vicia tetrasperma)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California, also in northern Idaho and western Montana.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, forest edge, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California, also in northern Idaho and western Montana.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, forest edge, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual
tare (Lolium temulentum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to California, east across North America to the Atlantic.
Habitat: Disturbed ground, pastures, and roadsides.
Origin: Introduced from the Mediterranean
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to California, east across North America to the Atlantic.
Habitat: Disturbed ground, pastures, and roadsides.
Origin: Introduced from the Mediterranean
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
tare (Vicia sativa)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, forest edges, thickets, lawns, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, forest edges, thickets, lawns, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Chilean tarplant (Madia sativa)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Dry, open places at low elevations, often along roadsides or other disturbed sites.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Dry, open places at low elevations, often along roadsides or other disturbed sites.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
grassy tarplant (Madia gracilis)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Idaho, Nevada, and Utah.
Habitat: Dry, open areas from shrub-steppe to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Idaho, Nevada, and Utah.
Habitat: Dry, open areas from shrub-steppe to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
lemon-scented tarplant (Madia citriodora)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open hillsides and foothills.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open hillsides and foothills.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
little tarplant (Madia exigua)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, but more common east of the crest; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Idaho, and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open woods, grasslands, roadsides, and other open areas where often disturbed, from the plains and foothills, occasionally up to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, but more common east of the crest; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Idaho, and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open woods, grasslands, roadsides, and other open areas where often disturbed, from the plains and foothills, occasionally up to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
mountain tarplant (Madia glomerata)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and across northern U.S. and southern Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Common in dry, open places from sagebrush plains to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and across northern U.S. and southern Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Common in dry, open places from sagebrush plains to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
smallhead tarplant (Hemizonella minima)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open areas in sagebrush, grasslands, and ponderosa pine forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open areas in sagebrush, grasslands, and ponderosa pine forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
woodland tarplant (Anisocarpus madioides)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; Southern British Columbia to southern California.
Habitat: Open woods and woodland edge, and thickets.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; Southern British Columbia to southern California.
Habitat: Open woods and woodland edge, and thickets.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Great Plains and Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert to ponderosa pine forest openings at middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Great Plains and Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert to ponderosa pine forest openings at middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
autumn showy tarweed (Madia elegans)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; south-central Washington to California.
Habitat: Dry, open places, often becoming a roadside weed.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; south-central Washington to California.
Habitat: Dry, open places, often becoming a roadside weed.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
cluster tarweed (Madia glomerata)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and across northern U.S. and southern Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Common in dry, open places from sagebrush plains to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and across northern U.S. and southern Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Common in dry, open places from sagebrush plains to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
coast tarweed (Madia sativa)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Dry, open places at low elevations, often along roadsides or other disturbed sites.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Dry, open places at low elevations, often along roadsides or other disturbed sites.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
common tarweed (Madia gracilis)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Idaho, Nevada, and Utah.
Habitat: Dry, open areas from shrub-steppe to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Idaho, Nevada, and Utah.
Habitat: Dry, open areas from shrub-steppe to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
least tarweed (Hemizonella minima)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open areas in sagebrush, grasslands, and ponderosa pine forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open areas in sagebrush, grasslands, and ponderosa pine forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
lemon tarweed (Madia citriodora)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open hillsides and foothills.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open hillsides and foothills.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
lemon-scented tarweed (Madia citriodora)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open hillsides and foothills.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open hillsides and foothills.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
little tarweed (Madia exigua)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, but more common east of the crest; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Idaho, and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open woods, grasslands, roadsides, and other open areas where often disturbed, from the plains and foothills, occasionally up to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, but more common east of the crest; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Idaho, and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open woods, grasslands, roadsides, and other open areas where often disturbed, from the plains and foothills, occasionally up to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
mountain tarweed (Madia glomerata)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and across northern U.S. and southern Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Common in dry, open places from sagebrush plains to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and across northern U.S. and southern Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Common in dry, open places from sagebrush plains to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
slender tarweed (Madia gracilis)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Idaho, Nevada, and Utah.
Habitat: Dry, open areas from shrub-steppe to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Idaho, Nevada, and Utah.
Habitat: Dry, open areas from shrub-steppe to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
small-head tarweed (Hemizonella minima)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open areas in sagebrush, grasslands, and ponderosa pine forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open areas in sagebrush, grasslands, and ponderosa pine forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
smallhead tarweed (Hemizonella minima)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open areas in sagebrush, grasslands, and ponderosa pine forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open areas in sagebrush, grasslands, and ponderosa pine forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
woodland tarweed (Anisocarpus madioides)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; Southern British Columbia to southern California.
Habitat: Open woods and woodland edge, and thickets.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; Southern British Columbia to southern California.
Habitat: Open woods and woodland edge, and thickets.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
large flowered tasselflower (Brickellia grandiflora)
Distribution: Occasional east of the Cascades in Washington and Oregon.
Habitat: Openings in woods at moderate elevations, sometimes in plains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occasional east of the Cascades in Washington and Oregon.
Habitat: Openings in woods at moderate elevations, sometimes in plains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Strickland's tauschia (Tauschia stricklandii)
Distribution: Occurring on west side of Mount Rainier National Park and nearby Yakima County in WA; also in Multnomah and Lincoln counties in Oregon.
Habitat: Moist meadows, forest openings and edge at middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on west side of Mount Rainier National Park and nearby Yakima County in WA; also in Multnomah and Lincoln counties in Oregon.
Habitat: Moist meadows, forest openings and edge at middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
California tea (Rupertia physodes)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, disjunct in northeastern Oregon and adjacent Idaho.
Habitat: Prairie and forest edges at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, disjunct in northeastern Oregon and adjacent Idaho.
Habitat: Prairie and forest edges at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Mexican tea (Dysphania ambrosioides)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the southern Rocky Mountains; native from the Great Plains to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides and waste areas, riparian zones, tolerant of alkaline.
Origin: Introduced from southern North America and tropical America
Flowers: July-November
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the southern Rocky Mountains; native from the Great Plains to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides and waste areas, riparian zones, tolerant of alkaline.
Origin: Introduced from southern North America and tropical America
Flowers: July-November
Growth Duration: Annual
western teaberry (Gaultheria ovatifolia)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Forested areas from fairly dry Ponderosa pine to subalpine bogs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Forested areas from fairly dry Ponderosa pine to subalpine bogs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
teasel (Dipsacus fullonum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America.
Habitat: Disturbed, open areas often where at least seasonally wet; low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-December
Growth Duration: Biennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America.
Habitat: Disturbed, open areas often where at least seasonally wet; low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-December
Growth Duration: Biennial
Oregon teatree (Ceanothus sanguineus)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to western Montana.
Habitat: Moist to dry open forest, slopes, and thickets, from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to western Montana.
Habitat: Moist to dry open forest, slopes, and thickets, from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
thalecress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, particularly near cities and towns.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, particularly near cities and towns.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Annual
cut-leaf thelypody (Thelypodium laciniatum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Rock cliffs and dry, rocky areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Biennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Rock cliffs and dry, rocky areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Biennial
entire-leaved thelypody (Thelypodium integrifolium)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Sagebrush plains to streambanks in the lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Sagebrush plains to streambanks in the lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Howell's thelypody (Thelypodium howellii)
Distribution: Known historically from east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; otherwise northeast Oregon to California.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Known historically from east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; otherwise northeast Oregon to California.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
many flowered thelypody (Thelypodium milleflorum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Nevada, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Rock cliffs and dry, rocky areas in sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Biennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Nevada, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Rock cliffs and dry, rocky areas in sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Biennial
slender thelypody (Thelypodium sagittatum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Nevada, east to Montana and Colorado.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert plains to lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Nevada, east to Montana and Colorado.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert plains to lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
thick-leaved thelypody (Thelypodium laciniatum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Rock cliffs and dry, rocky areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Biennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Rock cliffs and dry, rocky areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Biennial
mountain thermopsis (Thermopsis montana)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, but only occurring in the far western and eastern counties; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sandy, well-drained soil to wet meadowland, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, but only occurring in the far western and eastern counties; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sandy, well-drained soil to wet meadowland, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
thimbleberry (Rubus parviflorus)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta, the Rocky Mountains, and Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Forest openings and edge, thickets, meadows, and riparian corridors from sea level to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta, the Rocky Mountains, and Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Forest openings and edge, thickets, meadows, and riparian corridors from sea level to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
blessed thistle (Centaurea benedicta)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
bull thistle (Cirsium vulgare)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, forest edge, ditches, balds, prairies, wastelots, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Biennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, forest edge, ditches, balds, prairies, wastelots, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Biennial
clustered thistle (Cirsium brevistylum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to northern California, east to Montana.
Habitat: Slopes, open forest, and moist meadows from low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to northern California, east to Montana.
Habitat: Slopes, open forest, and moist meadows from low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
common thistle (Cirsium vulgare)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, forest edge, ditches, balds, prairies, wastelots, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Biennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, forest edge, ditches, balds, prairies, wastelots, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Biennial
cotton thistle (Onopordum acanthium)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Noxious weed of dry, open areas and stream banks.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Biennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Noxious weed of dry, open areas and stream banks.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Biennial
creeping thistle (Cirsium arvense)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, meadows, pastures, prairies, grasslands, wastelots, and other disturbed areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, meadows, pastures, prairies, grasslands, wastelots, and other disturbed areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
edible thistle (Cirsium edule)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Forest openings and edge, meadows, roadsides, and other open areas at low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Forest openings and edge, meadows, roadsides, and other open areas at low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
elk thistle (Cirsium scariosum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Wet meadows, moist, sometimes alkaline ground, and forest openings from the foothills to fairly high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Wet meadows, moist, sometimes alkaline ground, and forest openings from the foothills to fairly high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
few-leaf thistle (Cirsium remotifolium)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Meadows, stream banks, open for, brushy slopes, from low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Meadows, stream banks, open for, brushy slopes, from low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Greene's thistle (Cirsium inamoenum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; southeastern Washington to California, east to Idaho, Wyoming, and Utah.
Habitat: Grassland, sagebrush desert, and dry rocky slopes from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; southeastern Washington to California, east to Idaho, Wyoming, and Utah.
Habitat: Grassland, sagebrush desert, and dry rocky slopes from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Hooker's thistle (Cirsium hookerianum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east to Alberta, Montana, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Moist lowlands, open slopes and fields.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east to Alberta, Montana, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Moist lowlands, open slopes and fields.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
marsh thistle (Cirsium palustre)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where documented in Spokane County; central British Columbia to eastern Washington, east across northern North America to the Great Lakes area.
Habitat: Moist meadows and riparian areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Biennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where documented in Spokane County; central British Columbia to eastern Washington, east across northern North America to the Great Lakes area.
Habitat: Moist meadows and riparian areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Biennial
meadow thistle (Cirsium scariosum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Wet meadows, moist, sometimes alkaline ground, and forest openings from the foothills to fairly high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Wet meadows, moist, sometimes alkaline ground, and forest openings from the foothills to fairly high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
musk thistle (Carduus nutans)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-October
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-October
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
nodding thistle (Carduus nutans)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-October
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-October
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Pacific fringed thistle (Cirsium remotifolium)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Meadows, stream banks, open for, brushy slopes, from low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Meadows, stream banks, open for, brushy slopes, from low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Palouse thistle (Cirsium brevifolium)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in eastern and southeastern Washington; eastern Washington to northeast Oregon and adjacent Idaho.
Habitat: Palouse grassland remnants, dry rocky slopes, and roadsides.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in eastern and southeastern Washington; eastern Washington to northeast Oregon and adjacent Idaho.
Habitat: Palouse grassland remnants, dry rocky slopes, and roadsides.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
plumeless thistle (Carduus acanthoides)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; British Columbia to Washington, also in California, east to the northern Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and eastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Biennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; British Columbia to Washington, also in California, east to the northern Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and eastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Biennial
remote-leaved thistle (Cirsium remotifolium)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Meadows, stream banks, open for, brushy slopes, from low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Meadows, stream banks, open for, brushy slopes, from low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Russian thistle (Salsola tragus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where widely distributed; southern British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadside, meadows, fields, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where widely distributed; southern British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadside, meadows, fields, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Scotch thistle (Onopordum acanthium)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Noxious weed of dry, open areas and stream banks.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Biennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Noxious weed of dry, open areas and stream banks.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Biennial
Scots thistle (Onopordum acanthium)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Noxious weed of dry, open areas and stream banks.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Biennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Noxious weed of dry, open areas and stream banks.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Biennial
short-styled thistle (Cirsium brevistylum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to northern California, east to Montana.
Habitat: Slopes, open forest, and moist meadows from low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to northern California, east to Montana.
Habitat: Slopes, open forest, and moist meadows from low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
slender flowered thistle (Carduus tenuiflorus)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington; Washington to California, also in the eastern U.S.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington; Washington to California, also in the eastern U.S.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
spiny plumeless thistle (Carduus acanthoides)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; British Columbia to Washington, also in California, east to the northern Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and eastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Biennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; British Columbia to Washington, also in California, east to the northern Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and eastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Biennial
wavy leaf thistle (Cirsium undulatum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Michigan and Texas.
Habitat: Dry hillsides and plains at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Michigan and Texas.
Habitat: Dry hillsides and plains at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
weak thistle (Cirsium remotifolium)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Meadows, stream banks, open for, brushy slopes, from low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Meadows, stream banks, open for, brushy slopes, from low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
white thistle (Cirsium hookerianum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east to Alberta, Montana, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Moist lowlands, open slopes and fields.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east to Alberta, Montana, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Moist lowlands, open slopes and fields.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
winged plumeless thistle (Carduus tenuiflorus)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington; Washington to California, also in the eastern U.S.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington; Washington to California, also in the eastern U.S.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Thompsongrass (Paspalum distichum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly along the lower Columbia River corridor in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Along ditches and streams where the soil is moist much of the season.
Origin: Native
Flowers: August-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly along the lower Columbia River corridor in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Along ditches and streams where the soil is moist much of the season.
Origin: Native
Flowers: August-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Washington thorn (Crataegus phaenopyrum)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; Washington to Oregon, and also in eastern North America where native.
Habitat: Grasslands, shores, and damp thickets.
Origin: Introduced from eastern North America
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; Washington to Oregon, and also in eastern North America where native.
Habitat: Grasslands, shores, and damp thickets.
Origin: Introduced from eastern North America
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
sacred thorn apple (Datura wrightii)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed, dry, open areas, roadsides, and waste places.
Origin: Introduced from Mexico
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed, dry, open areas, roadsides, and waste places.
Origin: Introduced from Mexico
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
large flowered thoroughwort (Brickellia grandiflora)
Distribution: Occasional east of the Cascades in Washington and Oregon.
Habitat: Openings in woods at moderate elevations, sometimes in plains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occasional east of the Cascades in Washington and Oregon.
Habitat: Openings in woods at moderate elevations, sometimes in plains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
narrow-leaved thoroughwort (Brickellia oblongifolia)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Dry, often rocky places from lowland sagebrush desert to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Dry, often rocky places from lowland sagebrush desert to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
threadleaf-pondweed (Stuckenia filiformis)
Distribution: Only known from Whatcom County in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains; east across Canada to the Atlantic Coast and Greenland.
Habitat: Lakes, ponds, slow moving waters.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Only known from Whatcom County in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains; east across Canada to the Atlantic Coast and Greenland.
Habitat: Lakes, ponds, slow moving waters.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
common three-square (Schoenoplectus pungens)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast; Europe.
Habitat: Marshes and wet, low ground; tolerent of alkali.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast; Europe.
Habitat: Marshes and wet, low ground; tolerent of alkali.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
threeawn (Aristida purpurea)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to central Canada and the central U.S.
Habitat: Desert plains, grasslands, and pondersoa pine forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to central Canada and the central U.S.
Habitat: Desert plains, grasslands, and pondersoa pine forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Jersey thrift (Armeria arenaria)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; not known from elsewhere in North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, and other disturbed open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; not known from elsewhere in North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, and other disturbed open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
thrift (Armeria maritima)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington, chiefly in the coastal counties; Alaska to California, east across Canada to northeastern North America; Greenland and Europe.
Habitat: Along beaches, coastal bluffs and balds, occasionally inland in prairies.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington, chiefly in the coastal counties; Alaska to California, east across Canada to northeastern North America; Greenland and Europe.
Habitat: Along beaches, coastal bluffs and balds, occasionally inland in prairies.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
white false tickhead (Eatonella nivea)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, sandy, or volcanic desert areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, sandy, or volcanic desert areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
bristly-fruited tickweed (Lappula squarrosa)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and eastern North America.
Habitat: Shrub-steppe, disturbed areas, roadside.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and eastern North America.
Habitat: Shrub-steppe, disturbed areas, roadside.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
white daisy tidytips (Layia glandulosa)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho, Utah, Arizona and New Mexico.
Habitat: Dry, open areas from sagebrush desert to low elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho, Utah, Arizona and New Mexico.
Habitat: Dry, open areas from sagebrush desert to low elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
mountain timothy (Phleum alpinum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Great Plains, also in northeastern North America.
Habitat: Streambanks and meadows at higher elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Great Plains, also in northeastern North America.
Habitat: Streambanks and meadows at higher elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
timothy (Phleum pratense)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, especially moist, open meadows, from coast to midmontane.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, especially moist, open meadows, from coast to midmontane.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
rosette tiquilia (Tiquilia nuttallii)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Utah.
Habitat: Sagebrush plains, typically in sand dune areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Utah.
Habitat: Sagebrush plains, typically in sand dune areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual
bastard toadflax (Comandra umbellata)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Dry to moist-but-sandy soil, sea level to subalpine; common in the shrub-steppe.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Dry to moist-but-sandy soil, sea level to subalpine; common in the shrub-steppe.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
blue toadflax (Nuttallanthus texanus)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Sasketchewan and across much of the U.S. except the upper Midwest and Northeast.
Habitat: Prairies, grasslands, and balds.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Sasketchewan and across much of the U.S. except the upper Midwest and Northeast.
Habitat: Prairies, grasslands, and balds.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
broomleaf toadflax (Linaria genistifolia)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in eastern Washington; British Columbia to northeastern Oregon; in scattered localities across North America.
Habitat: Open areas roadsides, fields, wastelots, forest openings, typically where disturbed.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia and northern Africa
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in eastern Washington; British Columbia to northeastern Oregon; in scattered localities across North America.
Habitat: Open areas roadsides, fields, wastelots, forest openings, typically where disturbed.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia and northern Africa
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Canada toadflax (Nuttallanthus canadensis)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia and Puget Trough islands to western Oregon and California.
Habitat: Prairies, balds, and other open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia and Puget Trough islands to western Oregon and California.
Habitat: Prairies, balds, and other open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Dalmation toadflax (Linaria dalmatica)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Open areas roadsides, fields, wastelots, forest openings, typically where disturbed.
Origin: Introduced Eurasia and northern Africa
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Open areas roadsides, fields, wastelots, forest openings, typically where disturbed.
Origin: Introduced Eurasia and northern Africa
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
false toadflax (Geocaulon lividum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northern Washington; Alaska to Washington, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Bogs and open woods to lower alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northern Washington; Alaska to Washington, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Bogs and open woods to lower alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
ivy-leaved toadflax (Cymbalaria muralis)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, scattered eastward across North America to the Atlantic Coast where more broadly distributed.
Habitat: Roadsides, retaining walls, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, scattered eastward across North America to the Atlantic Coast where more broadly distributed.
Habitat: Roadsides, retaining walls, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-October
Growth Duration: Annual
large-flowered toadflax (Linaria grandiflora)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Oregon, east to Idaho; also in Colorado.
Habitat: Open areas roadsides, fields, wastelots, forest openings, typically where disturbed.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia and northern Africa
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Oregon, east to Idaho; also in Colorado.
Habitat: Open areas roadsides, fields, wastelots, forest openings, typically where disturbed.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia and northern Africa
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
old field toadflax (Nuttallanthus canadensis)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia and Puget Trough islands to western Oregon and California.
Habitat: Prairies, balds, and other open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia and Puget Trough islands to western Oregon and California.
Habitat: Prairies, balds, and other open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
purple toadflax (Linaria purpurea)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Forest edge, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Mediterranean
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Forest edge, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Mediterranean
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Texas toadflax (Nuttallanthus texanus)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Sasketchewan and across much of the U.S. except the upper Midwest and Northeast.
Habitat: Prairies, grasslands, and balds.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Sasketchewan and across much of the U.S. except the upper Midwest and Northeast.
Habitat: Prairies, grasslands, and balds.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
coyote tobacco (Nicotiana attenuata)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Texas.
Habitat: Dry, open plance, especially dry, sandy bottom lands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Texas.
Habitat: Dry, open plance, especially dry, sandy bottom lands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
jersey rabbit tobacco (Pseudognaphalium luteoalbum)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east across the southern U.S. to Florida, also in New York.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, wastelots, and other disturbed areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east across the southern U.S. to Florida, also in New York.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, wastelots, and other disturbed areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Macoun's rabbit tobacco (Pseudognaphalium macounii)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Dry, open areas from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Dry, open areas from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
tobacco-brush (Ceanothus velutinus)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, South Dakota, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Moist to dry open forests, low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, South Dakota, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Moist to dry open forests, low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
tobacco-root (Valeriana edulis)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to eastern Oregon, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: A wide variety of open, somewhat moist habitats, from the foothills to rather high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to eastern Oregon, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: A wide variety of open, somewhat moist habitats, from the foothills to rather high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
tocalote (Centaurea melitensis)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California and Mexico, east to Texas and eastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, meadows, balds, fields, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed, open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from the Mediterranean region
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California and Mexico, east to Texas and eastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, meadows, balds, fields, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed, open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from the Mediterranean region
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
western tofieldia (Triantha occidentalis)
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympic and Cascade mountains in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Moist meadows, bogs and streambanks, mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympic and Cascade mountains in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Moist meadows, bogs and streambanks, mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
wild tomatillo (Physalis longifolia)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Weed of cultivated fields and waste places.
Origin: Both native and introduced
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Weed of cultivated fields and waste places.
Origin: Both native and introduced
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to northwestern Oregon; escaping cultivation but seldom establishing in other areas of North America.
Habitat: Sunny, moist, open, disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from South America
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to northwestern Oregon; escaping cultivation but seldom establishing in other areas of North America.
Habitat: Sunny, moist, open, disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from South America
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Annual
large-flowered tonella (Tonella floribunda)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southern Washington; southern Washington to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Open, often rocky places, at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southern Washington; southern Washington to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Open, often rocky places, at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
small-flowered tonella (Tonella tenella)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington, but disjunct in the northern Olympic Peninsula; disjunct in southwestern British Columbia and the northern Olympic Peninsula, otherwise southern Washington to central California.
Habitat: Fairly moist in open to partly shaded places at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington, but disjunct in the northern Olympic Peninsula; disjunct in southwestern British Columbia and the northern Olympic Peninsula, otherwise southern Washington to central California.
Habitat: Fairly moist in open to partly shaded places at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Annual
grand hound (Adelinia grandis)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Forest openings and meadows at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Forest openings and meadows at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
lowland toothcup (Rotala ramosior)
Distribution: Occurrng east of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most the the U.S., and in Ontario, to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Wet places and muddy shores.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurrng east of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most the the U.S., and in Ontario, to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Wet places and muddy shores.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Nuttall's toothwort (Cardamine nuttallii)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Seasonally moist soils of forest openings to forest understory, from low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Seasonally moist soils of forest openings to forest understory, from low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
slender toothwort (Cardamine nuttallii)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Seasonally moist soils of forest openings to forest understory, from low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Seasonally moist soils of forest openings to forest understory, from low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
small-flowered touch-me-not (Impatiens parviflora)
Distribution: Currently (2016) known from west of the Cascades crest in Washington from King County (only); southwestern British Columbia, western Washington and northwestern Oregon; also occurring in eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed forest edge and understory at low elevations, often where at least seasonally moist.
Origin: Introduced from Asia
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Currently (2016) known from west of the Cascades crest in Washington from King County (only); southwestern British Columbia, western Washington and northwestern Oregon; also occurring in eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed forest edge and understory at low elevations, often where at least seasonally moist.
Origin: Introduced from Asia
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
western touch-me-not (Impatiens noli-tangere)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in northwestern Washington; Alaska to northwestern Washington, east in Canada to Manitoba; circumboreal.
Habitat: Moist woods.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in northwestern Washington; Alaska to northwestern Washington, east in Canada to Manitoba; circumboreal.
Habitat: Moist woods.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
showy townsendia (Townsendia florifera)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Oregon and Nevada, east to Montana, Wyoming, and Utah.
Habitat: Dry-open places in the plains and foothills, often with sagebrush.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Oregon and Nevada, east to Montana, Wyoming, and Utah.
Habitat: Dry-open places in the plains and foothills, often with sagebrush.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
trailplant (Adenocaulon bicolor)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east the northern Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, and Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Moist, shady woods at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east the northern Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, and Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Moist, shady woods at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
traveler's-joy (Clematis vitalba)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, also in scattered locations in eastern North America.
Habitat: Forest edge, hillsides, parks, wastelots, and other disturbed sites.
Origin: Introduced; native to Europe and Africa
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, also in scattered locations in eastern North America.
Habitat: Forest edge, hillsides, parks, wastelots, and other disturbed sites.
Origin: Introduced; native to Europe and Africa
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
tree-of-heaven (Ailanthus altissima)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington, British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Escaped ornamental in roadsides, waste areas, along railroad tracks, and other open, disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from China
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington, British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Escaped ornamental in roadsides, waste areas, along railroad tracks, and other open, disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from China
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
American bird's-foot trefoil (Acmispon americanus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Rocky Mountains, south to Mexico.
Habitat: Chiefly in sandy to rocky, exposed or wooded areas, more common at low elevations
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Rocky Mountains, south to Mexico.
Habitat: Chiefly in sandy to rocky, exposed or wooded areas, more common at low elevations
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-September
Growth Duration: Annual
big trefoil (Lotus uliginosus)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho; east across Canada to Nova Scotia; scattered localities in eastern U.S.
Habitat: Moist to wet disturbed areas, roadsides, abandoned lots, and coastal tidelands.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho; east across Canada to Nova Scotia; scattered localities in eastern U.S.
Habitat: Moist to wet disturbed areas, roadsides, abandoned lots, and coastal tidelands.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
bird's-foot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; widely distributed throughout most of North America.
Habitat: Open, mesic to wet areas, typically where disturbed.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; widely distributed throughout most of North America.
Habitat: Open, mesic to wet areas, typically where disturbed.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
garden bird's-foot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; widely distributed throughout most of North America.
Habitat: Open, mesic to wet areas, typically where disturbed.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; widely distributed throughout most of North America.
Habitat: Open, mesic to wet areas, typically where disturbed.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
large bird's-foot trefoil (Lotus uliginosus)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho; east across Canada to Nova Scotia; scattered localities in eastern U.S.
Habitat: Moist to wet disturbed areas, roadsides, abandoned lots, and coastal tidelands.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho; east across Canada to Nova Scotia; scattered localities in eastern U.S.
Habitat: Moist to wet disturbed areas, roadsides, abandoned lots, and coastal tidelands.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
meadow bird's-foot-trefoil (Hosackia pinnata)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington, but also in far eastern Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California, also in western Idaho.
Habitat: Moist areas and wetlands, lowland to montane.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington, but also in far eastern Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California, also in western Idaho.
Habitat: Moist areas and wetlands, lowland to montane.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
narrowleaf bird's-foot trefoil (Lotus tenuis)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Great Plains, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Great Plains, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
narrowleaf trefoil (Lotus tenuis)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Great Plains, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Great Plains, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
riverbar bird's-foot-trefoil (Acmispon denticulatus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, disjunct in southern Idaho and southwestern Utah.
Habitat: Sandy to rocky soil in open areas at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, disjunct in southern Idaho and southwestern Utah.
Habitat: Sandy to rocky soil in open areas at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
rosy bird's-foot-trefoil (Hosackia rosea)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Moist woods and along streams.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Moist woods and along streams.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
seaside bird's-foot-trefoil (Hosackia gracilis)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: On moist soil, from near sea level to lower elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: On moist soil, from near sea level to lower elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
slender trefoil (Lotus tenuis)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Great Plains, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Great Plains, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
small-flowered bird's-foot trefoil (Acmispon parviflorus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Open slopes and sandy flats, seashore into the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Open slopes and sandy flats, seashore into the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-September
Growth Duration: Annual
subterranean trefoil (Trifolium subterraneum)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California; also in the southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Pastures, prairies, roadsides, lawns, fields, and other open disturbed areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California; also in the southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Pastures, prairies, roadsides, lawns, fields, and other open disturbed areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
giant trillium (Trillium albidum)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Moist forests, oak-ash woodlands, thickets, and fields at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Moist forests, oak-ash woodlands, thickets, and fields at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
purple trillium (Trillium petiolatum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to northeastern Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Stream banks, moist meadows, forest edge, and thickets at low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to northeastern Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Stream banks, moist meadows, forest edge, and thickets at low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
sessile trillium (Trillium albidum)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Moist forests, oak-ash woodlands, thickets, and fields at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Moist forests, oak-ash woodlands, thickets, and fields at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
thick-leaved trillium (Trillium crassifolium)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the Wenatchee Mountains and in the Blue Mountains; central Washington, and in Idaho eastern Oregon.
Habitat: Open woods, vegetated rock outcrops.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the Wenatchee Mountains and in the Blue Mountains; central Washington, and in Idaho eastern Oregon.
Habitat: Open woods, vegetated rock outcrops.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
western trillium (Trillium ovatum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Open to dense moist forests at low to mid-elevations, often where boggy in the spring.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Open to dense moist forests at low to mid-elevations, often where boggy in the spring.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
western white trillium (Trillium stenosepalum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in eastern Washington; south-central British Columbia and southwestern Alberta to central Idaho and western Montana, disjunct in Wyoming and Colorado.
Habitat: Moist woods.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in eastern Washington; south-central British Columbia and southwestern Alberta to central Idaho and western Montana, disjunct in Wyoming and Colorado.
Habitat: Moist woods.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
white trillium (Trillium ovatum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Open to dense moist forests at low to mid-elevations, often where boggy in the spring.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Open to dense moist forests at low to mid-elevations, often where boggy in the spring.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
white trillium (Trillium stenosepalum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in eastern Washington; south-central British Columbia and southwestern Alberta to central Idaho and western Montana, disjunct in Wyoming and Colorado.
Habitat: Moist woods.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in eastern Washington; south-central British Columbia and southwestern Alberta to central Idaho and western Montana, disjunct in Wyoming and Colorado.
Habitat: Moist woods.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
nodding trisetum (Trisetum cernuum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta, Idaho, and Montana.
Habitat: Moist to dry meadows and forest, stream banks, springs, and rocky slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta, Idaho, and Montana.
Habitat: Moist to dry meadows and forest, stream banks, springs, and rocky slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
spike trisetum (Trisetum spicatum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest throughout Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, further east to the Great Lakes region and eastern North America.
Habitat: Montane forests to alpine slopes in rocky, dry or moist areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest throughout Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, further east to the Great Lakes region and eastern North America.
Habitat: Montane forests to alpine slopes in rocky, dry or moist areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
large-flowered tritelia (Triteleia grandiflora)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington, but also occurring in the north Puget Sound area; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Idaho, Wyoming and Utah.
Habitat: Prairies, grasslands, balds and forest openings, often where seasonally dry, from the coast to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington, but also occurring in the north Puget Sound area; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Idaho, Wyoming and Utah.
Habitat: Prairies, grasslands, balds and forest openings, often where seasonally dry, from the coast to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Quinault trout-lily (Erythronium quinaultense)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest on the Olympic Peninsula in Washington, where endemic to Grays Harbor and Jefferson counties.
Habitat: Coniferous forest understory and edge, and moist slopes at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest on the Olympic Peninsula in Washington, where endemic to Grays Harbor and Jefferson counties.
Habitat: Coniferous forest understory and edge, and moist slopes at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
yellow trumpet (Sarracenia flava)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest, where intentionally planted; native in the southeastern United States.
Habitat: Swamps, bogs and seeps.
Origin: Introduced from southeast United States
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest, where intentionally planted; native in the southeastern United States.
Habitat: Swamps, bogs and seeps.
Origin: Introduced from southeast United States
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
tuckahoe (Peltandra virginica)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations west of the Cascades crest in Washington; western Washington to northwestern Oregon, otherwise eastern North America where native.
Habitat: Shallow water of slow moving water, ponds, and lake shores at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from eastern North America
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations west of the Cascades crest in Washington; western Washington to northwestern Oregon, otherwise eastern North America where native.
Habitat: Shallow water of slow moving water, ponds, and lake shores at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from eastern North America
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
common tule (Schoenoplectus acutus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east throughout all of North America except southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Pond and lake margins, wetland and riparian areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east throughout all of North America except southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Pond and lake margins, wetland and riparian areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Loesel's tumblemustard (Sisymbrium loeselii)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Nevada, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides and drier disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Nevada, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides and drier disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
tumbleweed (Amaranthus albus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Dry, disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from tropical America
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Dry, disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from tropical America
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
tumbleweed (Salsola tragus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where widely distributed; southern British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadside, meadows, fields, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where widely distributed; southern British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadside, meadows, fields, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
turkey peas (Lomatium linearifolium)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; central Washington to north-central Oregon, east to Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Open slopes and ridges, from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; central Washington to north-central Oregon, east to Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Open slopes and ridges, from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
western turkeybeard (Xerophyllum tenax)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the northern Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open woods and clearings, from near sea level on the Olympic Peninsula to high elevations in the Rockies.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the northern Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open woods and clearings, from near sea level on the Olympic Peninsula to high elevations in the Rockies.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
wild turnip (Brassica rapa)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, wastelots and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-Septemeber
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, wastelots and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-Septemeber
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
tussilago (Tussilago farfara)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; British Columbia to Washington; also from the Great Lakes region east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, lawns, wastelots, and disturbed forest understory ta low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; British Columbia to Washington; also from the Great Lakes region east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, lawns, wastelots, and disturbed forest understory ta low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
tutsan (Hypericum androsaemum)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Lowland thickets, stream banks, ledges, weedy slopes, trails, and railroads.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Lowland thickets, stream banks, ledges, weedy slopes, trails, and railroads.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
broad-lip twayblade (Neottia convallarioides)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in the forested and mountainous areas of Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, and from the Great Lakes region to northeastern North America.
Habitat: Moist forests and wet meadows, from low elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in the forested and mountainous areas of Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, and from the Great Lakes region to northeastern North America.
Habitat: Moist forests and wet meadows, from low elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
heart-leaf twayblade (Neottia cordata)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, but chiefly west of the crest; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, further east across Canada to the Great Lakes region and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Humus-rich, often damp, forest understory, sometimes along streams, from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, but chiefly west of the crest; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, further east across Canada to the Great Lakes region and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Humus-rich, often damp, forest understory, sometimes along streams, from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Loesel's twayblade (Liparis loeselii)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington in south-central Washington; Northwest Territory to Washington, east to Montana; also from Canadian Great Plains to eastern North America where more common; also in western and central Europe.
Habitat: Around springs and in bogs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington in south-central Washington; Northwest Territory to Washington, east to Montana; also from Canadian Great Plains to eastern North America where more common; also in western and central Europe.
Habitat: Around springs and in bogs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
northern twayblade (Neottia borealis)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in north-central and northeastern Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to northern Rocky Mountains, east across Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist, rich coniferous forest understory.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in north-central and northeastern Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to northern Rocky Mountains, east across Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist, rich coniferous forest understory.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
northwestern twayblade (Neottia banksiana)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta and Wyoming.
Habitat: Moist forests and wet meadows, lowlands to subalpine elevations
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta and Wyoming.
Habitat: Moist forests and wet meadows, lowlands to subalpine elevations
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
black twin-berry (Lonicera involucrata)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Forest openings and edge, thickets, and marshes from low elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Forest openings and edge, thickets, and marshes from low elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
twinflower (Linnaea borealis)
Distribution: Widely distributed in forested and mountainous areas on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east in North America to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Open forest, forest edges, and peatlands from low elevations to the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed in forested and mountainous areas on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east in North America to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Open forest, forest edges, and peatlands from low elevations to the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
alpine twinpod (Physaria alpestris)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to Chelan, Kittitas and Yakima counties.
Habitat: Open rocky areas, scree and talus slopes, middle to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to Chelan, Kittitas and Yakima counties.
Habitat: Open rocky areas, scree and talus slopes, middle to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
common twinpod (Physaria didymocarpa)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; southeastern British Columbia to northeastern Washington, east to Alberta and Wyoming.
Habitat: Talus, gravel bars, outcrops, dry slopes, prairies, road cuts
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; southeastern British Columbia to northeastern Washington, east to Alberta and Wyoming.
Habitat: Talus, gravel bars, outcrops, dry slopes, prairies, road cuts
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Geyer's twinpod (Physaria geyeri)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in eastern Washington; eastern Washington to eastern Oregon, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Gravelly stream banks and hillsides.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in eastern Washington; eastern Washington to eastern Oregon, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Gravelly stream banks and hillsides.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Oregon twinpod (Physaria oregona)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; Washington to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Dry areas including rocky slopes, gravel banks, and stream shores.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; Washington to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Dry areas including rocky slopes, gravel banks, and stream shores.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Washington twinpod (Physaria alpestris)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to Chelan, Kittitas and Yakima counties.
Habitat: Open rocky areas, scree and talus slopes, middle to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to Chelan, Kittitas and Yakima counties.
Habitat: Open rocky areas, scree and talus slopes, middle to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
clasp-leaf twisted-stalk (Streptopus amplexifolius)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, also in northeastern North America.
Habitat: Open to dense moist forests from low elevations to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, also in northeastern North America.
Habitat: Open to dense moist forests from low elevations to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
clasping twisted-stalk (Streptopus amplexifolius)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, also in northeastern North America.
Habitat: Open to dense moist forests from low elevations to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, also in northeastern North America.
Habitat: Open to dense moist forests from low elevations to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
rosy twisted-stalk (Streptopus lanceolatus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Alberta and Montana (but not Idaho); also from the Great Lakes region east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Streambanks and damp woods at moderate to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Alberta and Montana (but not Idaho); also from the Great Lakes region east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Streambanks and damp woods at moderate to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
small twisted-stalk (Streptopus streptopoides)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Alberta and Idaho.
Habitat: Dense, damp conifer forest, from middle elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Alberta and Idaho.
Habitat: Dense, damp conifer forest, from middle elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
